While this was seen as a landmark decision, many in the American Deep South were uncomfortable with this decision. Many future litigation cases used the similar argumentation methods used by Marshall in this case. This decision led to more integration in other areas and was seen as major victory for the Civil Rights Movement. Ferguson by holding that the "separate but equal" doctrine was unconstitutional for American educational facilities and public schools. The Supreme Court's ruling in Brown overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, which ruled that racial segregation did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause as long as the facilities and situations were equal, hence the doctrine known as " separate but equal." After this decision from the District Court in Kansas, the Browns, who were represented by the then NAACP chief counsel Thurgood Marshall, appealed to the Supreme Court. District Court for the District of Kansas ruled against the Browns, justifying their decision on judicial precedent of the Supreme Court's 1896 decision in Plessy v. The Brown family, along with twelve other local black families in similar circumstances, filed a class action lawsuit against the Topeka Board of Education in a federal court arguing that the segregation policy of forcing black students to attend separate schools was unconstitutional. The events relevant to this specific case first occurred in 1951, when a public school district in Topeka, Kansas refused to let Oliver Brown’s daughter enroll at the nearest school to their home and instead required her to enroll at a school further away. Oliver Brown and his daughter were black. Nonetheless, since the ruling did not list or specify a particular method or way of how to proceed in ending racial segregation in schools, the Court's ruling i n Brown II (1955) demanded states to desegregate “ with all deliberate speed.” Background: The Supreme Court’s decision was unanimous and felt that " separate educational facilities are inherently unequal," and hence a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. The court ruled that laws mandating and enforcing racial segregation in public schools were unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools were “separate but equal” in standards. Supreme Court decision that struck down the “Separate but Equal” doctrine and outlawed the ongoing segregation in schools. Board of Education (1954) was a landmark U.S.
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